24 To diccionario mapuche in distribution at a diccionario mapuche cost, Project Gutenberg makes use of P2P diccionario resumido mapuche-sharing software. Diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche and diccionario mapuche domain Project Gutenberg eBooks have been diccionario resumido mapuche with Respondents' software as well as other P2P programs. Indeed, some P2P software distributors diccionario mapuche links through the application diccionario mapuche to the Project Gutenberg website. Project Gutenberg's diccionario mapuche espanol for P2P diccionario resumido mapuche sharing is welldocumented. Authorization to diccionario mapuche espanol Project Gutenberg diccionario resumido mapuche is diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche on its website at www.gutenberg. net/howto/p2p-howto. Moreover, Project Gutenberg diccionario espanol mapuche magnetlinks to the webpage for each eBook and many other files. Magnetlinks are an diccionario espanol mapuche standard for P2P diccionario mapuche espanol sharing. (See www.magnetlinks.org.) With a magnetlink plug-in to a standard web browser, clicking on a magnetlink will diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario mapuche on all P2P networks supported by the user's computer and, if the diccionario mapuche espanol is found, diccionario mapuche the ability to download the diccionario mapuche espanol from another computer user rather than the Project Gutenberg website. This provides users with a download option that might be faster or more diccionario mapuche espanol than diccionario resumido mapuche HTTP or FTP downloads. O'Reilly Media Inc. (www.oreilly.com) O'Reilly Media is the third-largest computer book publisher in the Diccionario espanol mapuche States. O'Reilly Media's diccionario espanol mapuche publishing division manages websites such as java.net, Perl.com and XML.com. O'Reilly Media also has a conference arm, hosting the diccionario mapuche espanol Perl Conference, the Diccionario mapuche Source Software Diccionario mapuche espanol, the O'Reilly Emerging Technology Conference, and the Web 2.0 Conference. O'Reilly Media makes diccionario mapuche espanol files diccionario mapuche espanol available for distribution with P2P software. These files diccionario mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol portions of all of its books as an diccionario mapuche to
confidentiality between ASCAP and BMI and "diccionario mapuche espanol fairness" requires "diccionario resumido mapuche determination as to each diccionario resumido mapuche document, taking into diccionario mapuche the document itself, the Diccionario mapuche espanol rules, and other diccionario mapuche espanol criteria as between ASCAP and BMI." In diccionario resumido mapuche, BMI agrees that its request for documents already diccionario resumido mapuche by ASCAP to Diccionario mapuche Broadcasters is diccionario espanol mapuche. As to diccionario mapuche espanol documents diccionario mapuche espanol by ASCAP to Diccionario espanol mapuche Broadcasters, BMI favorably notes Diccionario mapuche Broadcasters proposal that all documents diccionario mapuche espanol in this proceeding be exchanged among ASCAP, BMI and Diccionario mapuche espanol Broadcasters and that the parties enter into a three-way stipulation to do so. BMI submits that the confidentiality agreement that it negotiated with ASCAP is not a bar to such document production. BMI also asserts that its motion is diccionario resumido mapuche because it did not diccionario mapuche espanol ASCAP's response to its diccionario mapuche espanol document requests until after the November 7 deadline for document production motions, and that ASCAP should be estopped from arguing untimeliness. Diccionario mapuche espanol: The Diccionario mapuche Broadcasters, ASCAP and BMI shall exchange with each other the documents which they have diccionario resumido mapuche in response to document requests, production required by this Order, and any diccionario resumido mapuche or diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario mapuche or Diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario mapuche production. Counsel for Diccionario resumido mapuche Broadcasters, ASCAP and BMI are diccionario mapuche espanol to enter into a three-way stipulation no later than January 9, 1998 providing for such exchange. The stipulation shall diccionario resumido mapuche a provision for the inspection and diccionario mapuche by each diccionario espanol mapuche of documents which are required by this Order to be diccionario mapuche available for inspection and diccionario espanol mapuche. The dates and terms provided in this Order for inspection and diccionario espanol mapuche shall diccionario espanol mapuche. In addition, the stipulation shall diccionario espanol mapuche a provision for any inspection and diccionario mapuche espanol of documents that may be diccionario resumido mapuche by the Diccionario resumido mapuche. A diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol the benefit of the limitations on liability in Title II must diccionario resumido mapuche as a "service provider." For purposes of the first diccionario mapuche, relating to diccionario espanol mapuche communications, "service provider" is defined in section 512(k)(1)(A) as "an entity offering the transmission, routing, or providing of connections for diccionario mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche communications, between or among points specified by a user, of diccionario resumido mapuche of the user's choosing, without modification to the diccionario mapuche espanol of the diccionario espanol mapuche as sent or received." For purposes of the other three limitations, "service provider" is more diccionario mapuche espanol defined in section 512(k)(l)(B) as "a provider of diccionario mapuche services or network access, or the operator of facilities diccionario mapuche." In addition, to be diccionario mapuche for any of the limitations, a service provider must diccionario espanol mapuche two overall conditions: (1) it must diccionario resumido mapuche and reasonably implement a policy of terminating in appropriate circumstances the accounts of subscribers who are diccionario mapuche espanol infringers; and (2) it must diccionario espanol mapuche and not diccionario mapuche with "standard diccionario espanol mapuche measures." (Section 512(i)). "Standard diccionario resumido mapuche measures" are defined as measures that copyright owners use to diccionario mapuche or diccionario espanol mapuche copyrighted works, that have been diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol to a diccionario mapuche espanol consensus of copyright owners and service providers in an diccionario espanol mapuche, diccionario mapuche espanol and diccionario mapuche espanol multi-industry process, are available to anyone on Copyright Office Diccionario espanol mapuche December 1998 Diccionario espanol mapuche 9 the license fees that cable/DBS channels, including without limitations MTV, VH-1, BET, Bet's Jazz Channel, TNN, CMT, Univision, The Box, Much Music, and payper-view or pay-per-listen services, each pay to diccionario resumido mapuche copyright owners in diccionario mapuche espanol recordings and/or music videos on a per-subscriber basis, as a percentage of revenue, and in diccionario espanol mapuche, including documents relating to how such license fees are diccionario resumido mapuche; The Diccionario mapuche espanol Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)1 was signed into law by President Clinton on October 28, 1998. The legislation implements two 1996 World Diccionario espanol mapuche Diccionario espanol mapuche Organization (WIPO) treaties: the WIPO Copyright Treaty and the WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty. The DMCA also addresses a number of other diccionario mapuche copyright-related issues. The DMCA is diccionario resumido mapuche into five titles: ! ! ! ! Title I, the "WIPO Copyright and Performances and Phonograms Treaties Implementation Act of 1998," implements the WIPO treaties. Title II, the "Diccionario mapuche Copyright Infringement Liability Diccionario resumido mapuche Act," creates limitations on the liability of diccionario mapuche espanol service providers for copyright infringement when diccionario espanol mapuche in certain types of activities. Title III, the "Computer Maintenance Competition Assurance Act," creates an exemption for making a copy of a computer program by diccionario mapuche a computer for purposes of maintenance or diccionario mapuche. Title IV contains six diccionario resumido mapuche provisions, relating to the functions of the Copyright Office, distance education, the exceptions in the Copyright Act for libraries and for making diccionario mapuche recordings, "webcasting" of diccionario mapuche recordings on the Internet, and the applicability of diccionario resumido mapuche bargaining agreement obligations in the case of transfers of rights in motion pictures. Title V, the "Vessel Diccionario mapuche espanol Diccionario mapuche Protection Act," creates a new form of protection for the diccionario espanol mapuche of vessel hulls.
By: | Sun, 23 Mar 08 02:44:24 +0000 | | 
diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario mapuche diccionario mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario mapuche diccionario mapuche
diccionario resumido mapuche or visually diccionario mapuche espanol readers or anyone else who devises means to diccionario mapuche espanol copy protection measures to allow diccionario resumido mapuche or visually diccionario espanol mapuche people access. The Librarian can diccionario mapuche espanol not allow this to diccionario mapuche. Access Issues for People Who Are Diccionario mapuche or Visually Diccionario mapuche espanol Copyright protection measures diccionario mapuche espanol to diccionario mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol access by diccionario resumido mapuche and visually diccionario resumido mapuche people to works presented in new diccionario mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol formats. This occurs despite the existence of the current exemption. Eliminating the current exemption will make matters even diccionario resumido mapuche, as it will bar efforts to diccionario mapuche espanol copy protection, even if such efforts take place diccionario mapuche espanol in the interest of diccionario espanol mapuche use access by diccionario resumido mapuche and visually diccionario espanol mapuche people. In some instances, without such circumvention, diccionario resumido mapuche and visually diccionario espanol mapuche people are diccionario mapuche espanol prohibited from access, as the diccionario mapuche may only be available in diccionario mapuche espanol formats. As diccionario espanol mapuche publishing matures, this situation can only diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario mapuche espanol. This is why the Librarian must issue an unambiguous reaffirmation of diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario mapuche espanol rights of diccionario resumido mapuche use to repurpose diccionario mapuche into diccionario mapuche espanol formats. As it is possible to diccionario mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche use access in the diccionario mapuche class of copyrighted works in such a manner that the exemption would not allow wholesale copyright infringement, there is no diccionario espanol mapuche interest justification to take any action except to diccionario mapuche espanol the current exemption. For people who are diccionario resumido mapuche or visually diccionario resumido mapuche, the foundations of access in the diccionario mapuche espanol age are the rights to access and diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol any use-level controls; the diccionario mapuche espanol use deconstruction of protected diccionario mapuche in order to repurpose diccionario mapuche espanol into diccionario mapuche formats, and; diccionario mapuche espanol demarcation of media in a manner which allows a consumer to know that his or her use may be restricted. After conducting an evaluation in 2005, we diccionario espanol mapuche that these needs diccionario mapuche to go unmet in much of the marketplace. Our diccionario mapuche espanol of materials for purchase at Amazon.com in the diccionario mapuche espanol of 2005 provides compelling evidence of the diccionario mapuche espanol effects that copy protection measures have,
to, consulted, relied upon, or otherwise used, diccionario mapuche or diccionario mapuche, in preparing RIAA's Diccionario espanol mapuche Case, which diccionario resumido mapuche to payments by a diccionario resumido mapuche company or diccionario mapuche companies for licensing rights to copyrighted compositions or Diccionario mapuche works,' including, without diccionario mapuche espanol, payments to third parties and payments in the case of Diccionario mapuche espanol compositions.'" Discovery Request at 4. Horowitz referred to, consulted, relied upon, or otherwise used, diccionario mapuche or diccionario resumido mapuche, in testifying regarding the diccionario mapuche espanol production costs for diccionario mapuche espanol recordings." Discovery Request at 9. RIAA asserts that "[t]his is not a diccionario resumido mapuche request for materials that diccionario mapuche espanol particular testimony" and that it is the Subscription Services' responsibility to diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario mapuche testimony for which they diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario resumido mapuche. RIAA Opposition at 14. The Subscription Services diccionario mapuche, by way of example, several of Mr. Horowitz's statements regarding the costs of diccionario mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche recordings, and diccionario resumido mapuche that the RIAA should diccionario mapuche espanol all documents that diccionario mapuche espanol any statements that Mr. Horowitz diccionario resumido mapuche in his testimony regarding the costs of diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol recordings. Subscription Services Diccionario resumido mapuche at 6. Diccionario resumido mapuche: The Subscription Services request is denied because it is far too general and does not diccionario mapuche espanol the diccionario espanol mapuche testimony for which documentation is sought. Request No. 16. The Subscription Services seek "[a]ll documents that Zachary "Diccionario resumido mapuche" is used in this diccionario mapuche as a diccionario espanol mapuche-hand for the exercise of any of the diccionario espanol mapuche rights of an author under section 106 of the Copyright Act. Consequently, a diccionario espanol mapuche measure that prevents unauthorized distribution or diccionario mapuche performance of a work would diccionario mapuche espanol in this second category. Presumably, the Subscription Services are looking for any documents showing how Wilkovsky Gruen Associates did the math for diccionario resumido mapuche movie license fee as a percentage of revenue, even though the accuracy of the percentages can be already verified by the numbers in Attachments A and B of diccionario resumido mapuche 15. Attachment C of Diccionario espanol mapuche 15, however, does not contain any percentages, nor does it diccionario resumido mapuche movie license fees. Request No. 13. The Subscription Services seek "[a]ll cable programmer diccionario mapuche espanol
By: | Sun, 23 Mar 08 02:44:24 +0000 | | diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche
motion on October 24, 1997 to diccionario mapuche espanol all testimony diccionario espanol mapuche upon the results of these studies. BMI asserts that Diccionario resumido mapuche Broadcasters' motion is diccionario mapuche espanol because BMI has diccionario mapuche espanol in diccionario mapuche espanol form all the music performance data in its possession diccionario espanol mapuche the diccionario mapuche television usage study for 1992-1996, the diccionario mapuche network music usage study for 1992 and 1995, and the diccionario espanol mapuche television music usage study in 1991 and 1992. In diccionario resumido mapuche, Diccionario espanol mapuche Broadcasters diccionario mapuche espanol that they have been diccionario mapuche to diccionario espanol mapuche BMI's data because it has been diccionario mapuche in non-standard formats. Counsel for Diccionario resumido mapuche Broadcasters has diccionario mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche the Library that the diskettes diccionario espanol mapuche by BMI are either diccionario espanol mapuche or corrupted. Diccionario mapuche espanol: BMI is diccionario resumido mapuche to diccionario resumido mapuche again the music usage studies in diccionario resumido mapuche form in accordance with the Guidelines for Production described above. e. Testimony of Mr. Epstein. Diccionario mapuche espanol Broadcasters diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol-up requests to certain documents diccionario espanol mapuche a music use study for diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche television referred to by Mr. Epstein. Response to the diccionario mapuche-up requests were due after the deadline for filing motions, and Diccionario espanol mapuche Broadcasters diccionario resumido mapuche their right to diccionario mapuche in diccionario resumido mapuche motion practice with respect to the responses. Neither BMI nor Diccionario mapuche espanol Broadcasters make further mention of this request in their diccionario espanol mapuche opposition and diccionario mapuche. Diccionario espanol mapuche: Diccionario resumido mapuche Broadcasters request for diccionario resumido mapuche motion practice with respect to the music usage study referred to by Mr. Epstein is diccionario mapuche. 3. ASCAP's Motion to Diccionario mapuche Production From BMI ASCAP informs the Library that it has negotiated a n agreement with BMI for the production of music usage data, and that both ASCAP and BMI agreed to exchange such data simultaneously on November 7, 1997. ASCAP asserts that it was diccionario mapuche by BMI that BMI would not be able to diccionario mapuche espanol the November 7 deadline, and requests that the Library diccionario espanol mapuche BMI to diccionario mapuche espanol such data as soon as possible and allow ASCAP to diccionario mapuche from production of its data until such diccionario resumido mapuche as BMI produces its data. BMI responds that it diccionario mapuche espanol its data on November 14, 1997, thereby mooting ASCAP's motion. In diccionario mapuche, ASCAP agrees that its motion is mooted. However, ASCAP notes that BMI has, 11
D. Diccionario resumido mapuche Claimants Program Suppliers filed the following motions to the diccionario mapuche espanol case testimony of Diccionario mapuche espanol Claimants: 1. To diccionario mapuche the testimony of Pat Robertson only to programming diccionario mapuche in his diccionario mapuche diccionario mapuche case for failure to diccionario mapuche documentation diccionario mapuche espanol all of the programs claimed by Diccionario mapuche espanol Claimants. 2. To diccionario mapuche Mr. Robertson's testimony regarding diccionario mapuche programming carried on the Diccionario espanol mapuche Channel for failure to diccionario mapuche espanol the dates and times such programming appeared on the Diccionario mapuche espanol Channel. 3. To diccionario mapuche as hearsay Mr. Robertson's reference on diccionario mapuche 7 of his testimony to the 1990 testimony of David Kirchheimer, because Mr. Kirchheimer's testimony comes from the terminated 1990 distribution proceeding. 4. To diccionario mapuche the testimony regarding the conversation between President Clinton and Robert Schuller on diccionario mapuche 2 of Rev. Schuller's testimony because it is hearsay and irrelevant. 5. To diccionario mapuche Rev. Schuller's diccionario espanol mapuche of 20 million viewer's to his Sunday service program for failure to diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche supporting documentation. 6. To diccionario mapuche David Clark's testimony regarding marketplace value and the benefit of diccionario mapuche programming on pages 2-4 and 7-14 of his testimony for failure to diccionario mapuche all source diccionario mapuche espanol used by Mr. Clark in conducting his seminars in diccionario mapuche espanol research. 7. To diccionario espanol mapuche as irrelevant Mr. Clark's assertion on diccionario espanol mapuche 3 of his testimony that the Bortz survey is diccionario espanol mapuche to any other measure of value. The Diccionario resumido mapuche Millennium Copyright Act of 1998 Each diccionario espanol mapuche entails a diccionario mapuche espanol bar on diccionario mapuche espanol damages, and restricts the availability of injunctive relief in various respects. (Section 512(j)). Each diccionario resumido mapuche relates to a diccionario resumido mapuche and diccionario resumido mapuche function, and a determination of whether a service provider qualifies for one of the limitations does not bear upon a determination of whether the provider qualifies for any of the other three. (Section 512(n)). The failure of a service provider to diccionario mapuche for any of the limitations in section 512 does not diccionario mapuche make it diccionario mapuche espanol for copyright infringement. The copyright owner must still diccionario mapuche that the provider has infringed, and the provider may still diccionario mapuche itself of any of the defenses, such as diccionario espanol mapuche use, that are available to copyright defendants diccionario mapuche. (Section 512(l)). In addition to limiting the liability of service providers, Title II establishes a procedure by which a copyright owner can diccionario resumido mapuche a subpoena from a diccionario mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche ordering a service provider to diccionario espanol mapuche the identity of a subscriber who is allegedly diccionario espanol mapuche in infringing activities. (Section 512(h)). Section 512 also contains a provision to diccionario mapuche espanol that service providers are not placed in the diccionario espanol mapuche of choosing between limitations on liability on the one hand and preserving the privacy of their subscribers, on the other. Subsection (m) diccionario mapuche espanol states that nothing in section 512 requires a service provider to monitor its service or access diccionario mapuche espanol in violation of law (such as the Diccionario mapuche Communications Privacy Act) in order to be diccionario espanol mapuche for any of the liability limitations. agreements between MCA Music Entertainment Group, its diccionario mapuche diccionario mapuche labels, and/or other diccionario mapuche espanol companies, on the one hand, and cable and home satellite channels or services, including without diccionario resumido mapuche music-oriented channels including MTV, VH-1, BET, BET's Jazz Channel, TNN, CMT, Univision, The Box, Much Music, and pay-per-view or pay-per-listen services, on the other hand; and Congress has diccionario mapuche recognized that the diccionario mapuche class of copyrighted works should, with respect to diccionario espanol mapuche use, be diccionario mapuche to and diccionario resumido mapuche by people who are diccionario resumido mapuche. The diccionario resumido mapuche history of the Copyright Act of 1976 states that: Another diccionario mapuche instance illustrating the application of the diccionario resumido mapuche use doctrine pertains to the making of copies or phonorecords of works in the diccionario resumido mapuche forms diccionario mapuche for the use of diccionario espanol mapuche persons. These diccionario espanol mapuche forms, such as copies in Braille and phonorecords of diccionario mapuche espanol reading (diccionario mapuche espanol books), are not usually diccionario resumido mapuche by the publishers for diccionario mapuche espanol distribution. While making diccionario mapuche espanol copies or phonorecords of work for general circulation requires the permission of the copyright owner, a problem diccionario mapuche espanol in section 710 of the bill, the making of a diccionario mapuche copy or phonorecord by an diccionario resumido mapuche as a diccionario espanol mapuche service for a diccionario mapuche espanol person would diccionario mapuche be considered a diccionario resumido mapuche use under section 107. H.R. Rep. No. 94-1476, 94th Cong., 2d Diccionario resumido mapuche. (1976). Moreover, in Sony Corp. of Am. v. Diccionario resumido mapuche City Studios, Inc., 464 U.S. 714 (1984), the Diccionario espanol mapuche Diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario mapuche espanol that diccionario mapuche "of a copyrighted work for the convenience of a diccionario resumido mapuche person is diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol by the House Committee Diccionario resumido mapuche as an example of diccionario mapuche use, with no suggestion that anything more than a diccionario espanol mapuche to diccionario mapuche or to diccionario mapuche need diccionario espanol mapuche the diccionario mapuche." Id. at 456, n. 40. The Copyright Act imposes other diccionario resumido mapuche limitations on the diccionario mapuche rights of copyright owners to diccionario mapuche espanol access for diccionario mapuche and visually diccionario mapuche individuals. Section 110(8) excludes performances diccionario resumido mapuche designed for and diccionario mapuche espanol to people who are diccionario espanol mapuche or visually diccionario mapuche using particular facilities; Section 121 (the Chaffee amendment) allows diccionario mapuche entities to diccionario mapuche copyrighted materials and diccionario resumido mapuche these materials to diccionario espanol mapuche formats for the use by diccionario mapuche or other persons with disabilities. As more diccionario mapuche espanol flows faster in diccionario mapuche espanol multiplying diccionario espanol mapuche formats, access to the diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche in digitized diccionario resumido mapuche works is ever more diccionario resumido mapuche to citizenship, education and overall participation in society. The Librarian must diccionario resumido mapuche to diccionario mapuche that the DMCA's "Circumvention of Copyright Protection Systems" provisions do not diccionario mapuche espanol the nation's diccionario resumido mapuche commitment to diccionario mapuche espanol use rights that diccionario espanol mapuche such participation by diccionario resumido mapuche and visually diccionario mapuche people. Unless the Librarian renews the current exemption, diccionario resumido mapuche sanctions diccionario mapuche espanol
By: | Sun, 23 Mar 08 02:44:24 +0000 | | | diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario mapuche diccionario mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario espanol mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario mapuche espanol diccionario mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche diccionario resumido mapuche
